Complete both Dsicussions below in 1-2 paragraphs with intext citations and references (APA Format) with weblink. In addition to the discussion, reply to the two responses below as well with intext citations and references (APA Format) with weblink.

Discussion #1:

Research health concerns for a population of your choice.
Use the Center for Disease Control to guide your research.

· Describe one health concern and one health statistic of this population.

· Discuss one cultural aspect of this culture.

· Discuss the potential nursing role in the implementation of a recommended culturally sensitive intervention.

Response #1:

I take care of some individuals who are resettled in Salt Lake City from Burma as a nurse; I decided to research more about various aspects of health concerns for this population group.

One health concern for individuals arriving in the US from Burma is parasitic infections; approximately 20 % of those who arrived here had positive ova & parasite (O & P) stool samples during post-arrival screening exams (CDC, n.d).

According to the CDC, “Burmese are considerably more collectively oriented and less direct in communication, which may lead to misinformation and poor communication with healthcare providers.’’ One very important cultural aspect that can affect healthcare for this group is a practice where it is considered rude for healthcare provider to sit at a height higher than an elder while caring for individuals from Burma.

Nurses should educate themselves about the prevalent healthcare issues as well as some of the cultural issues pertinent among the individuals from Burma to be able to provide culturally sensitive care. Nurses, especially those who work in public health play very critical roles in ensuring early identifying these individuals and getting samples for timely processing and diagnosis, so they can receive timely treatment and hence prevent the disease from spreading to community at large.

                                                                          Reference

CDC. (n.d). Burmese Refugee health Profile. 
https://www.cdc.gov/immigrantrefugeehealth/profiles/burmese/index.html
Links to an external site.

Response #2:

One health concern that is alarming is the increase of African American women who experience pregnancy related deaths. Black women are more likely to encounter maternal mortality rates which occur 69.9 per 100,000 live births in the US (CDC, 2023). This is three times more than white women. As a result, this can be extremely challenging for families to deal with and move past. More so, this can affect the health of the child and previous children. Secondly, finances may be impacted which can cause a strain in the household. Lastly, children may suffer from education and missed opportunities. 

One cultural aspect of maternal mortality can occur due to structural racism which can have a negative effect on the care that black women receive. For instance, medical professionals may have biases towards this population of women and ignore important signs that can prevent poor maternal outcomes (Njokou et al., 2023). One way for nurses to implement cultural sensitive interventions is to advocate and communicate with this population. For example, explaining important risk factors in a non judgmental and supportive environment. More so, implementing options that are culturally guided and preferable to the patient.

References

Center for Disease and Prevention (2023). Maternal mortality rates in the United States. 
https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/maternal-mortality/2021/maternal-mortality-rates-2021.htm#:~:text=In%202021%2C%20the%20maternal%20mortality,for%20White%20and%20Hispanic%20women
Links to an external site.

Njokou, A., Evans, M., Nimo-Sefah, L., Bailey, J. (2023). Listen to the whispers before they become screams: Addressing black maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States. Healthcare, 11(3), 438. 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9914526/#:~:text=Black%20women%20in%20the%20United,in%20medicine%20compound%20this%20problem
Links to an external site.

Discussion #2

Consider your PICO Question.

Convert your PICO question to a qualitative question, and find a qualitative research article to go with your question.  Explain why you appreciate your qualitative research article.

(YOU CAN USE THE PICO QUESTION BELOW OR CREATE A DIFFERENT ONE TO COMPLETE THE DISCUSSION)

PICO Question

In adults aged 50 and older with hypertension (P), does the implementation of a daily 30-minute walking program (I) compared to no structured exercise (C) lead to a reduction in systolic blood pressure (O) over a 6-month period?

What is your target population and your accessible population?

The target population is adults aged 50 and older who have been diagnosed with hypertension. This is the main group of interest from which we wish to learn and generalize our findings (Asiamah et al., 2017). The accessible population would be a practical subset of this target population that is available for the study due to factors such as geographical proximity, accessibility to the researchers, and other logistical considerations (Asiamah et al., 2017). For example, it might be hypertensive adults over 50 within a specific city who visit a network of community health centers where the study is advertised.

Explain the difference between an accessible and a target population.

The target population is the entire group of people that the research question is intended to address. It is the ideal group from which researchers would like to draw a sample that provides answers applicable to all individuals with the condition (Asiamah et al., 2017). The accessible population is the portion of the target population that the researcher can realistically recruit for participation in the study (Asiamah et al., 2017). Differences between the two populations can arise due to constraints such as location, resources, and other demographic factors, which may limit the generalizability of the study findings from the accessible population to the target population.

References

Asiamah, N., Mensah, H., & Oteng-Abayie, E. F. (2017). General, target, and accessible population: Demystifying the concepts for effective sampling. The qualitative report, 22(6), 1607-1621.

Response #1:

PICO Question: 

In patients with chronic pain, how does mindfulness meditation compared to standard care or other non-pharmacological interventions influence the experience management of pain? 

Qualitative Question for this article: 

What are the lived experiences and perceptions of individuals with chronic pain who have engaged in mindfulness meditation as a pain management technique, and how do these experiences compare to those who have used standard care or other non-pharmacological interventions? 

Article Title: Mindfulness Meditation–Based Pain Relief: A Mechanistic Account 

Authors: Zeidan & Vago 

Published: 2017 

Why I appreciate this qualitative research article: 

Through Understanding of Pain and Its Management: The article starts by providing a comprehensive overview of the challenges associated with chronic pain and the limitations of opioid-based treatments. It highlights the need for alternative, non-pharmacological approaches to pain management, setting with stage for intervestigating mindfulness meditation. 

Relevance to Contemporary Issues: 

The article acknowledges the opioid epidemic and the urgent need for non-pharmacological pain therapies, aligning with current public health concerns and policy recommendations. 

Focus on Mechanisms and Lived Experiences: 

The article delves into the mechanistic aspects of mindfulness meditation, seeking to understand how it influences pain relief. This approach provides a valuable contribution to the field of pain management, as it explores the how and why of meditation effectiveness. 

Incorporation of Neuroscientific Perspective: 

The article bridges the gap between neuroscience and subjective experiences of pain by discussing how mindfulness meditation affects brain mechanisms. This integration of neuroscientific findings adds depth to the understanding of meditation’s effects. 

Demonstrates Mechanistic Diversity: 

The article discusses that mindfulness meditation may not have a single mechanism for pain relief but rather engages multiple, unique neural mechanisms. This recognition adds depth to the understanding of how meditation works. 

Integration of Placebo Analgesia Considerartion: 

The article acknowledges the potential for placebo effects and the need to distinguish specific mechanisms of mindfulness meditation. This demonstrates a rigorous scientific approach to understanding the technique. 

The chosen research article offers an in-depth exploration of the mechanisms underlying mindfulness meditation in pain management, aligning with contemporary healthcare challenges and addressing the need for non-pharmacological solutions. It is appreciated for its comprehensive and scientific approach bridging the gap between subjective experiences and neuroscientific understanding, and for its contribution to the field of pain relief through mindfulness meditation. 

Reference: 

Zeidan et al. (2017). Mindfulness Meditation-Based Pain Relief: A Mechanistic Account. National Library of Medicine. 
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4941786/
Links to an external site.